Breeding report of a new table grape cultivar Yanhong

Yanhong is a mid-mature table grape with excellent appearance. The seedling was derived from a cross between Red Globe and 6-12 in 2004 at the experimental field. It was initially selected in 2009 for its bright colors and very early ripening time. Through artificial hybridization pollination, 685 hybrid seeds were gotten. In 2009, through the identification and comparison of fruit traits, it was found that the single plant with the code H6-153 exhibited excellent comprehensive fruit traits and was initially selected as a superior plant. From 2010 to 2012, after three consecutive years of observation and evaluation, H6-153 had a neat spike shape, excellent quality, and strong adaptability. After regional adaptability testing at five sites (including Anning District of Lanzhou city, Gansu; Maiji District of Tianshui City; Pingchuan Distirct of Baiyin City; Gaotai County of Zhangye City; and Honggu District of Lanzhou City) over four years from 2013 to 2016, it was finally selected in 2016. This variety has strong growth potential, with mature annual branches showing reddish brown in color; The average length of internodes is 6.89 cm; Leaves are nearly triangular, with five cracks and smooth surface; The flower is bisexual, and the first inflorescence usually grows at the 3-4 nodes. The average number of fruit ears on fruit canes is 1.0. This cultivar has strong resistance and adaptability. It is easy to flower and suitable for applying the medium- and short-cane pruning. It can be cultivated on hedgerows, V-shaped frames and T-shaped frames, and has high yield. The berry is mainly short ellipse, has dark-red peel and a smooth surface. The color intensity of anthocyanins in the flesh is weak, and the flesh is relatively soft. The average fruit mass is 8.3 g, with the maximum fruit weight 10.5 g, fruit shape index 1.23 and 2-3 seeds per fruit. The content of soluble solid is 18.91%, the content of total acid 4.06 g · kg-1 , the soluble sugar content 13.2%, and vitamin C content 6.89 mg·100 g-1 . Quality is excellent. The berry development period is 100 d and it matures at the end of August in Lanzhou area; the proportion of fruiting canes is 71.43%, and budbreak rate is 72.00%. It has strong disease resistance and adaptability. Suitable cultivation area is arid and semi-arid ecological areas such as Zhangye, Tianshui, Lanzhou, Baiyin and similar climate zones in Gansu. This variety can bear fruits next year after planted, and has high yield potential. Orchard should choose good soil texture with better drainage and irrigation conditions, spacing in the rows and spacing between rows are 1.5 m ×3.0 m, and the Y- shaped and T- shaped frame cultivation should be adopted. The spacing between new canes can be controlled between 20-25 cm, which is beneficial for berry coloring during the mature stage. The pruning includes bud-removing, fixing canes, removing secondary canes, and removing tendrils, aiming at controlling grapevine size and maintaining growth vigor.