Breeding report of a new seedless grape cultivar Huozhou Ziyu for fresh-eating and dry-processing

Huozhou Ziyu is a new mid-late ripening Eurasian grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivar bred by a crossing of Xinpu No. 1 × Hongwuzilu. 650 hybrid seeds were obtained in 1997. The seeds were sown in 1998. A total of 130 hybrid individuals were obtained in 1999. It was initially selected for purplishred skin, crisp pulp, sweet and sour flavor, seedless trait in 2001. After regional adaptability testing at three sites over five years from 2009 to 2013, it was finally selected and reistered by Forest Tree Variety Examination and Approval Committee of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in 2014. Huozhouziyu belonged to the Eurasian species, and it was diploidy. The young leaves were green and shiny, the petiole was red and dorsal was unvillous. The mature leaves were medium large, the upper and lower surfaces had no villus. The leaf veins of the petiole depression were pink. The petioles were green belt and slightly red. The mature leaves had five crack, upper crack deep, lower crack deep carving, blunt sawtooth, convex sides. The petiole was opens in a“U”shape. A little tender were green without villus. The annual mature branches were reddish brown. The flower was hermaphrodite. The ear was conical, with good tightness, the average ear weight was 600 g, the maximum ear weight was 1000 g, the fruit was oval, the average grain weight was 3.6 g, the maximum grain weight was 5 g, the peel was purple, thin, the pulp was crispy, the taste was sour and sweet, and the seed was abortive. The soluble solids content could reach 21% at maturity, the reducing sugar content after hydrolysis was 20.6%, the total acid was 3.48 g·kg-1 , the sugar-acid ratio was 59∶1, the vitamin C content was 2.54 mg·100 g-1 , and the crude fiber content was 0.6%. The fruit developmental period was about 130-140 d, and the fruit was fully ma-ture in early September in Turpan area. The bud burst rate of this cultivar was 63.0% , the fruiting branch rate was 63.3%, the fruiting coefficient was 1.52, and the yield was good. It had strong resistance to pests and diseases, drought, cold, salt and alkali, and good storage and transportation performance. It could be used for both fresh food and dry food, and should be suitable for cultivation in Xinjiang and similar environmental areas.