Breeding report of a big fruit type, high quality, late-ripening and fresheating cultivar Cangdong 3

Abstract: Cangdong 3, a late-ripening and fresh-eating variety (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), was selected from the bud mutation of Huanghuadongzao. It was found that a lateral branch in a high-grafted branch of Huanghuadongzao had changed in 2004, morphological observation of variant lateral branches was carried out and compared with Huanghuadongzao. The characteristics of variant lateral branches re-mained stable. After regional adaptability testing at three sites (including Qingxian, Huanghua, Fuping counties) over nine years from 2011 to 2019, it was finally selected in 2019. The tree has moderate vigor, strong branch power and exuberant foliage. The jujube head was purple-brown. The average number of fruit shoot of 3 to 5-year-old jujube stocks is 2.8. The average length of fruit shoot is 23.2 cm, and the average number of leaves in a fruit shoot was 12.4. The fruit is round, has brownish-red peel. Its flesh is gold and silver, loose, rich juice, intensely sweet. The average fruit mass is 20.26 g, fruit shape index 0.9, uniformity 0.74. The soluble solids content is 34.9% in fresh fujube fruit, vitamin C content is 292 mg·100 g^-1, edible rate 97.5%, good quality. The number of fruit shoot in a 3 to 5-year-old jujube stocks is from two to four, average is 2.8. The shedding shoot of jujube length is 16.8-32.2 cm, average 23.2 cm, have leaves 7-20, average 12.4. The fruit developing period is about 125-130 days. The fruit full maturity in the middle decade of October. It is anti cold, drought tolerance, salt-alkali- resistant, re- sistant to cracking. The Cultivation range is plane area and mountains that the suitable distribution area in Hebei province. After 2-3 years of high grafting, the cultivars enter a high-yield period, with strong ability of continuous fruit-bearing and high-yield. It is suitable for planting in plain and mountainous areas with sandy soil, sandy loam, and loam. Grafting propagation is the main method. Spacing in the rows and spacing between rows are (2-3) m×(4-5) m. The tree shape is open-center shaped or spindle shape.