Breeding report of a new yellow hawthorn cultivar Jinruyi

Abstract: Jinruyi yellow hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var. major N. E. Br.) is a high-quality and early-maturing new cultivar selected from the wild hawthorn mutated plant commonly known as Xiaohuanghongzi by Feixian Damenshan Hawthorn Research Institute. About this cultivar, an inflores-cence of complex corymbs usually has 10-15 white flowers; a white flower has 5 round petals, 4-5 pis-tils, 13-18 stamens with the purple-red anthers. The fruit is nearly round, the maximum fruit weight is 18 g, the average fruit weight is 12 g; each fruit contains 5 drupes; the average transverse diameter is 2.7 cm; the peel is golden yellow, the fruit dots are small and yellowish brown; the base of the fruit is of-ten accompanied by a shoulder bulge, but it is not obvious, and some of the bulges have long and nar-row or only narrow leaves; the flesh is yellow-white and soft with the sweet-and-slightly-sour flavor and clear fragrance; every drupe is about 9mm in length and pointed at both ends; the total sugar con-tent of the flesh is 12.18%, the total acid content is 1.26%, the vitamin C content (ascorbic acid) 71.5 mg · 100 g^-1, the total flavonoids content 270 mg · 100 g^-1; the integrated quality of the fruit is good. In Linyi region, Shandong province, the fruit development period is about 120 d, the mature period is in early to middle part of September. Normally, the shelf life period of the fruit is 15 days, but the fresh fruits can be kept until March of the following year under 0-5 ℃ condition. The other characters of the cultivar are resistant to powdery mildew, cold and drought; short branch type; early-bearing and high yield. The cultivar can be cultivated in the Yimeng Mountains area of Shandong province and the simi-lar climate regions of China. In December 2019, the new hawthorn cultivar Jinruyi was approved and normally named by the State Forestry and Grassland Administration. Jinruyi has strong self -flowering ability. It belongs to the short branch type, the branches are hard and brittle, and the opening angle is not suitable for the dormant period. The tree shape can be multi-main branch open shape, small crown sparse layer shape, and spindle shape is the best, suitable for high density cultivation.