Abstract: 【Objective】Chinese grapes contain a large amount of high-quality stress-resistant germplasm, which is widely distributed, of which Xinjiang is the largest grape-producing area in China, with a wine grape planting area of more than 36,700 hm2, dominated by V. vinifera, mainly represented by Cabernet Sauvignon. Due to the cold and dry winter in Xinjiang, in order to ensure the safety of overwintering, the
buried soil cold-proof cultivation technology is often used, and this method has the problems of increasingcost and destroying the ground surface. Wine grapes have different cold resistance in different varieties and populations, so the purpose of this study is to identify and comprehensively evaluate the cold resistance of locally planted germplasm and introduced germplasm in Xinjiang, with a view to screening out wine grape germplasm with high cold resistance, and providing a certain theoretical basis for accelerating the selection of cold-resistant wine grapes and reducing the cost of seed selection and breeding. 【Method】35 V. amurensis×V. vinifera introduced to the northern foothills of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang, and 40 locally planted germplasm were used for the study. Mature annual branches were subjected to low-temperature stress treatments at -10, -15, -20, -25, -30, and -35°C, respectively, and 4°C was taken as the control to determine the relative electrical conductivity (REC) content and peroxidase (POD) The relative conductivity (REC), peroxidase (POD) activity, proline (Pro) content, soluble sugar (SS) content, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were measured, and the half-lethal temperature (LT50) was calculated by combining with the logistic equation. A comprehensive evaluation of cold resistance was carried out using the affiliation function method, and 75 test materials were graded by cluster analysis, so as to screen out germplasm that was highly resistant to cold and sensitive to low temperatures, and their physiological and biochemical indexes were comparatively analysed. 【Result】All 75 germplasm branch conductivity curves conformed to the typical “S”-shaped curve, and the fit of the logistic equation for each variety (line) was R2 between 0.764 and 0.996, with the LT50 ranging from -8.550 to -29.153 ℃, and the LT50 of the V. amurensis × V. vinifera and V. vinifera ranging from -15.935 to -29.153 ℃ and -8.550 to -21.003 ℃, respectively; the values of the affiliation function ranged from 0.061 to 0.986 for 75 wine grape germplasm, including Beimei, Beihong, Beibinghong, Zuoyouhong, 11-5-36, 11-14-45, 12-3-23, 12-5-6, 12-10-60 and 12-16-95 had a combined rating between 0.8 and 1.0 for cold resistance; Marselan, Cabernet Sauvignon and 12-16-96 had a combined rating of 0.056, 0.552 and 0.563, respectively, with moderate cold tolerance; Carignan, Cabernet Franc, Baigendi, Sauvignon Blanc, Neuburgske, Jiubai, and Ruby Cabernet had a combined rating between 0.0 and 0.2 and were poorly resistant to cold, the results differed somewhat from the results of the unifactorial evaluation using LT50 as an indicator, but the overall ordering was similar; cluster analysis gradeified 75 wine grape germplasm into highly cold-tolerant (I), cold-tolerant (II), moderately cold-tolerant (III), and low-temperature-sensitive germplasm (IV), of which grade I included 11 germplasm, all of which were V. amurensis × V. vinifera and highly cold-tolerant germplasm; grade II included 27 germplasm, of which 66.667% are V. amurensis × V. vinifera, which are cold-resistant germplasm; grade III includes 27 germplasm, of which V. vinifera are predominant (21), followed by V. amurensis × V. vinifera (5), which are moderately hardy germplasm; grade IV includes 10 germplasm, all of which are V. vinifera and are low-temperature sensitive germplasm. Based on the affiliation function method and cluster analysis, it can be concluded that among the V. vinifera, Blue French, Petit Manseng, Erhaobaoxiang, Ecolly, Marselan, Cabernet Sauvignon169, Cabernet Sauvignon and Saperavi had better cold tolerance; V. amurensis 12-11-5 and 2-5-8 were less cold resistant, but in general the varieties with V. amurensis pedigree were more cold resistant than the V. vinifera. Six cold-resistant germplasm were selected: Beihong, 12-5-6, 12-16-95, 12-10-60, Beimei, Beibinghong; Six low temperature sensitive germplasm: Cabernet Franc, Baigendi, Sauvignon Blanc, Neuburgske, Jiubai and Ruby Cabernet were comparatively analysed for physiological and biochemical indices; With the decrease in treatment temperature, the REC content of the 12 varieties continued to increase; the Pro content firstly increased and then decreased; the SS content continued to increase; the POD activity of the highly cold-tolerant germplasm firstly increased and then decreased; and the MDA content continued to increase; the POD activity of the low-temperature-sensitive germplasm continued to decrease; and the MDA content firstly increased and then decreased in the trend of change. 【Conclusion】The cold resistance of V. amurensis × V. vinifera is stronger than that of V. vinifera, and the cold resistance of grade I is the strongest, which can be used as a germplasm resource for the subsequent breeding of cold-resistant breeding and be combined with other high-quality traits of wine grape germplasm to obtain high-quality cold-resistant wine grape germplasm resources and to provide the theoretical basis for the introduction of wine grapes and the cultivation and management of wine grapes.
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