Abstract: ‘Guihan No.1’ derived from wild purple passion fruit (P.edulis), which has been asexually propagated and artificially domesticated for 9 years.In December 2008, we found wild plants of passion fruit in the field in Pingtang County, the plant can overwinter smoothly. We collected the branches of wild plant and it’s fruits in April 2009, cutting, sowing and raising seedlings in the greenhouse, Cutting seedlings named as ‘Pingtang No.1’ tentatively, and a total of 217 seedlings were obtained, the cutting seedlings and sowing seedings were planted in March 2010, we observed their overwintering performance, and 28 single plants of sowing seedings with strong cold resistance were selected from this study. In 2011—2019, we have been conducting artificial domestication and asexual, observed the cold resistance performance of each single plant in multiple locations, from which the single plant with the best cold resistance performance was selected. Then we comprehensive evaluation of plant cold resistance from aspects such as physiological indicators of cold resistance, overwintering performance, transcriptome sequencing analysis under low temperature stress, leaf structural characteristics, and adaptability. Finally, the best one officially named ‘Guihan No.1’.Guihan No.1 is herbaceous vine, the stem is purple green and cylindrical, the whole plant glabrous. The leaf is 10.3 cm long and 13.4 cm wide, with 3 palmar lobes, the width of the middle lobe is 4.6 cm, the depth of the fissure is 4.8 cm, the leafstalk is 2.0 cm long, and there are 2 nectaries near the base of the leaf. The flower has a diameter of 6.2 cm and flower stalk is 6.5 cm long, it is opposite to the tendrils and has a lighter fragrance. Bracts are green and 1.8 cm long. There are 5 sepals, outer green, inner green white, 2.6 cm long, 1.1 cm wide. There are 5 petals, white, 2.4 cm long and 0.9 cm wide.The androgynophore is 1.0 cm long. There are 5 stamens, which are 0.8 cm long, the anthers are 0.7 cm long, with a light yellow green color. There are 3 styles, 1.3 cm long with green. The ovary is ovoid and 0.6 cm long. The seed is wide and ovalshaped and a weight of 16.9g per thousand seeds.The fruit is small with oblate shaped, the fruit surface is smooth and no white spots basically, the peel is thin with deep purple, the placenta is purplish red, the flesh is orange-yellow with sour taste, the average single fruit mass is 42.5 g, each fruit contains about 120 seeds.The edible rate was 43%, soluble solids 15.5%, total acid 2.0%, total sugar 71 mg·g-1, and vitamin C content was 17.6 mg·100g-1, and it contains 17 amino acids.The fruit has a growth period of 60~70 days, it is self-compatibility, it can blossom and bear fruit throughout the year.The plant has strong cold resistance with a semi-lethal temperature(LT50) of -3.59℃, and it can overwinter normally in non-extreme climates.The shelf-life at room temperature is 7~14 d, after which the peel is wrinkled, and the peel wrinkles after 1 month during refrigeration.Suitable for cultivation in subtropical and high altitude areas, it can bloom and bear fruit once planted in the same year, with a yield of 600~700 kg per 666.7 m2.The cultivation of Guihan No.1 requires selecting areas with suitable climate and environmental conditions, and colleagues should do a good job in soil, fertilizer, water management, pruning, and pest control.
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