Abstract：【Objective】 Xinjiang is an important grape producing region in China, with unique natural conditions and huge industrial scale. In recent years, Shine Muscat has attracted the attention of many fruit farmers because of its rich rose fragrance, high sugar content, low acid and other characteristics, and is regarded as the first choice for vineyard upgrading. The rapid renewal of varieties can be realized through the grafting method. In this study, the photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality differences of Shine Muscat grafted on Victoria, Kyoho, Black Monukka, Crimson seedless were studied in order to screen out old variety vineyard suitable for grafted Shine Muscat grapes in Shihezi region of Xinjiang. 【Methods】 In May 2021, four nine-year-old grape varieties—Victoria, Kyoho, Black Monukka, and Crimson Seedless—were grafted using the greenwood grafting method. These were designated as SM/VI, SM/KY, SM/BM, and SM/CR. Determination indicators included fruit appearance quality including transverse and longitudinal diameter, berry mass, single cluster mass, fruit color, which were assessed at the fructescence on September 5th, 2023. Intrinsic qualities including soluble solid content, titrable acid content, vitamin C content, soluble sugar content and soluble protein content were also measured. In late August 2023, the photosynthetic parameters including net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), chlorophyll content, and chlorophyll fluorescence were measured. For data analysis, single-factor analysis of variance is performed on the obtained experimental data. Correlation analysis is used to explore the relevance between indicators, and principal component analysis is used to comprehensive evaluation of 4 stock-scion combinations. 【Results】 The results showed that the fruit quality of Shine Muscat was affected by the conversion of four rootstocks. The Crimson Seedless grafted on Shine Muscat, aside from having lower titratable acid and soluble protein content, exhibits higher levels of soluble solids content, soluble sugars content, vitamin C content, and solid acid ratio. The fruit indicating superior fruit quality has a single cluster mass of 919.19 g, with soluble solids content reaching 21.63%, solid acid ratio of 62.08. After the Crimson Seedless was grafted on Shine Muscat, the contents of Chlorophyll a (Chl a), Chlorophyll b (Chl b), total chlorophyll (Chl a+b), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), water use efficiency (WUE), and the maximum photochemical quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) were higher. The initial fluorescence (F0) and the maximum fluorescence yield (Fm) were higher after Black Monukka was grafted on Shine Muscat. The correlation analysis shows that the berry mass of grape fruits has a highly significant positive correlation with indicators affecting photosynthetic rate. From the perspective of chlorophyll content, total chlorophyll content has a significant positive correlation with photosynthetic characteristics and soluble proteins, and a highly significant positive correlation with chlorophyll b, soluble sugars, and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration. From the perspective of chlorophyll fluorescence, initial fluorescence has a significant negative correlation with berry mass, L*, solid acid ratio, net photosynthetic rate, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration, and the maximum light energy conversion efficiency of PSII, and a highly significant negative correlation with single cluster mass and vitamin C content. The maximum light energy conversion efficiency of PSII has a highly significant positive correlation with solid acid ratio, L*, a*, and h° values. The composite score was calculated through the principal component comprehensive model, and according to the composite score, the four stock-scion combination were ranked: SM/ CR > SM/ KY > SM/ VI > SM/ BM. 【Conclusion】 The results show that compared with the other three grape varieties, when Crimson seedless is grafted on Shine Muscat, the contents of soluble sugar, soluble solid content and sugar acid ratio of fruit are higher. The chlorophyll content of leaves is higher, the photosynthesis is stronger, and the fruit quality is superior. Overall, SM/CR performs better and the Crimson seedless is the most suitable among the four grape varieties to be grafted on Shine Muscat.
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