Abstract: Peach (Prunus persica L.), as one of the most important fruit tree, cultivation area in China ranks firstly in world. The cultivation mode, fruit yield and quality were directly related to tree architecture. According to plant height and branch angle, peach tree architecture could be divided into standard, compact, semi-dwarf, dwarf, pillar, upright, weeping, broom and curved twig. The standard peach tree is the main planting cultivars which required more labor input due to its excessive vegetative growth. Therefore, breeding varieties suitable for labor-saving cultivation attracted the main attention of breeders. The Yuhuang 1 is a mid-ripening, semi-dwarf and yellowed-fleshed fresh peach, deriving through a cross between Huangshuimi and Zhongyoutao14. The female parent Huangshuimi is an early-ripening, standard, yellow-fleshed fresh peach and the male parent Zhongyoutao14 is an early-ripening, semi-dwarf nectarine. In May of 2013, 86 hybrid breeding were planting in the research orchard of the Henan Agricultural University in Zhengzhou with the spacing between rows was 3 meters and the spacing between tree rows was 1 meter. Three consecutive years’ observation results indicated that among the 86 hybrids, 34 hybrids represented semi-dwarf growth habit. In 2015, 34 semi-dwarf hybrids began to flower and fruit, with three years’ observation of peach fruit main economic characters, 12-7-16, 12-7-6, 12-7-83, 12-6-12, 12-6-15, 12-6-19, 12-6-20 were chosen as superior tree. Among the 7 superior trees, 12-7-6 showed mid-ripening, semi-dwarf and yellow fruit with aromatic flavour and the fruit main economic characters was better. Then the 12-7-6 was named ‘Yuhuang 1’ and was top-grafted in the autumn. The regional adaptability testing (from 2018 to 2022) was carried out in three sites including Zhengzhou, Xinyang and Xinxiang of Henan province. Huangshuimi was used as control cultivar. Comparing with Huangshuimi, Yuhuang 1 exhibited semi-dwarf growth habit with the branch growth is small, the plant height of Yuhuang 1 was nearly the 2/3 of the control cultivar Huangshuimi and the main fruit economic characters of Yuhuang 1 were better. The ripening date of Yuhuang 1 in Henan was mid-July, with 7 d latter then Huangshuimi. The average leaf length and width of Yuhuang 1 was 15.4 cm and 3.4 cm respectively, with lliptic-lanceolate and about 1 to 2 reniform leaf glands. The fruit is big and round with two symmetrical halves, and has a bulge top exhibited as olecranon with shallow cavity and the suture. Under the bagging cultivation, the fruit peel was beautiful bright yellow color covering nearly 100% fruit surface area and the fruit peel could be easily peeled with the core is freestone. The average fruit weight was 226.7 g, with the maximum fruit weight was 289 g. The fruit flesh was yellow. The average soluble solids content was 12.2. The average total sugar and total acid was 11.8% and 0.29% respectively. The average vitamin content was higher than Huanghsuimi with 14.2 mg/100g in Yuhuang 1. Henan province and other area with similar climate would be the suitable cultivation area for Yuhuang 1. The Yuhuang 1 was granted new variety certification by the Variet Approval Committee of Henan province in 2022 (S-SV-PP-007-2022).
PDF （）