A new early-ripening rose aroma table grape cultivar Tongmeigui

Tongmeigui is a new early ripening grape variety derived from the cross between Shine Muscat and Black Ballad by the First Seed Farm in Wucheng District. In 2016, we collected grape berries and obtained 263 seeds. After low-temperature storage, we obtained 167 hybrid seedlings in the spring of 2017. In 2018, they were planted, and entered the fruiting period in 2020. After two years of observation from 2020 to 2021, a red-type grape superior line numbered XN-16-40 was selected. It had excellent characteristics such as early maturity, crisp meat, rose aroma, sweet taste, and suitability for seedless cultivation. From 2022 to 2024, single vine propagation was carried out and trait records and key cultivation techniques were studied. It was found that the traits of each vine were consistent, with early maturity, beautiful appearance, excellent quality, stable performance and excellent comprehensive traits. In 2024, it was authorized with the new plant variety right (CNA20211005580) by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and was named as Tongmeigui. The tender tip is semi-open with weak anthocyanins and dense villi. The color of the dorsal side of the internode is green with red stripes. The tendrils are of medium length. The upper surface of the young leaves is light reddish brown, with dense creeping hairs between the main veins on the back and erect hairs on the main veins. The mature leaves are 3-lobed and pentagonal, and the leaf surface is bubbly convex. The main vein on the front of the leaf has deep anthocyanin accumulation, the back creeping villi are medium dense, and the main vein is dense with erect villi. The upper lateral sinus is shallow and open. The petiole sinus is mildly open. The teeth are of medium length and straight on both sides. It has bisexual flowers, and the first inflorescence usually emerges on the 3rd-4th node. The cluster is cylindrical, with an average weight of 426.1 g and tight density. The berry is oval, and the berry stem is difficult to separate from the grain. The berry is neat and the maturity is consistent. The average berry weight is 9.7 g and the berry is red in color. The skin is thin and can be eaten. It is easy to peel, with less berry powder. The flesh is crispy and has muscat aroma. The soluble solids content is 16.6%, the acid content is 2.21 g·L-1 and the vitamin C content is 55.4 mg · kg-1 . It is suitable for seedless treatment. Tongmeigui is an early ripening variety. Under the cultivation conditions in Jinhua area, Tongmeigui shows budbreak in mid-March, flowering in late April and berry ripening in late June and early July. The average budbreak rate is 81.5%, and the bearing cane rate is 85.7%. The average number of grape ears per bearing cane is 1.2. The variety has strong adaptability and strong resistance to gray mold and downy mildew in the field. However, the vine-hanging time of this variety is not long, and it is easy to produce soft berry when encountering high temperature in summer, so it is necessary to control production. The average yield is recommended for 1250-1500 kg per 666.7 m2 . It is recommended to use a planting spacing of 2 m×3 m or 4 m×6 m. This variety grows vigorously and can produce quickly. It is suitable for early cultivation in hot and humid climate facilities in Zhejiang Province, and has a good application prospect.