Breeding report of a new seedling guava variety Suisuihong No. 1

Suisuihong No. 1 guava is a new variety cultivated from the local red- fleshed guava seedlings in Guangzhou. In 2002, an excellent guava resource with green skin, red meat, tender slippery texture and strong aroma was found from Zengcheng District of Guangzhou City, and then it was sowed and propagated. In 2007, the seedlings were planted in the field of Jiufo Base of Guangzhou Institute of Fruit Science. Combined with flavor, taste and other indicators, the top three plants were identified as the primary excellent plants through comprehensive quality analysis. In 2008, the scions were taken from the mother tree V0 for cutting, and a batch of cutting seedlings were obtained in 2010. Through field observation and analysis, it was found that the traits and quality of the cutting offspring (V1) were consistent with those of the mother tree (V0). In 2017, the scion was collected from the offspring of V1, and the pearl guava seedlings were used as rootstocks for high grafting (V2 generation). After continuous years of multi-generation grafting, it was found that the grafted offspring could still maintain the excellent genetic traits of the parent tree (V0). In 2017, it was named Suisuihong No. 1 guava. The trunk of this variety is yellowish brown, smooth, and upright with strong growth potential, open tree shape, and scaly bark. The trunk is 36 cm high, the trunk circumference is 33.6 cm, the tree height is 2.15 m, and the crown width is 2.11 m×2.03 m. The new shoots are green, four-edged, and rounded after ripening. New leaves are light green, mature leaves are dark green, single leaf, opposite and oblong, and young branches are densely pilose, then glabrous, and grayish brown lusterless. Flowers are solitary or 2-3 aggregated, being complete flowers; the receptacle is yellow-green, petals are imbricate arranged and white; filaments are slender; the calyx is green, bell-shaped or pear-shaped, and persistent. The average fruit weight is 229.3 g, and the fruit shape index is 1.27. The peel is yellow-green and shiny; the flesh is light red and loose. The number of seeds is medium, irregular, medium hardness, and light yellow; the taste is sweet and the aroma is light. The soluble solids content is 10.50%, the soluble sugar content is 6.87 g·100 g-1 , the vitamin C content is 136.2 mg·100 g-1 , the total acid content is 2.31 g·kg-1 , and the quality is excellent. The flowering rate of this variety reaches 100% in the second year after high grafting, and it begins to enter the full fruit period in the fourth year. It takes 70-90 days from flowering to fruit ripening in summer, and 110-130 days from flowering to fruit ripening in winter. The fruit ripening period is from mid-August to mid- September, and from late December to late April. Before planting, sufficient organic fertilizer should be applied, and after planting, fertilizer and water management should be strengthened to achieve timely flower thinning, fruit thinning and pest control.