A review of tissue culture and biotechnology in Chinese jujube

Chinese jujube is one of the most important fruit trees in China. An effective and stable in vitro productive system is the base of research and application of biotechnology. After outlining the relation-ships among in vitro repropagation,the advances of tissue culture and biotechnologies in jujube were re-viewed. They were optimization and establishment of in vitro culture techniques including micropropaga-tion,somatic embryogenesis,synthetic seed production,plant regeneration via callus-mediated shoot or-ganogenesis,adventitious shoot regeneration,anther culture,polyploid induction and genetic transforma-tion. This review attempts to provide a comprehensive suggestion for the future biotechnology researchbased on tissue culture in jujube. Those included in vitro germplasm conservation,germ cell culture andpure lines establishment,cytology and molecular biology of regeneration and signal conduction in the pro-cess,production bioactive compounds by cell suspension culture,new germplasm creation by protoplastsfusion and cybrids,gene expression and safety evaluation after transformation into the jujube genome.