Abstract: Yanfen No.4 peach is a new ornamental peach cultivar developed by crossbreeding Yanhongzaohua peach as the female parent and Zaotian peach as the male parent. It was initially selected in 2013. Through artificial hybridization pollination, 30 hybrid seeds was got. In March 2015, after the flowering of 20 seedlings, an excellent individual plant with specific performance was found. The initial flowering period of this individual plant was around March 5th, 12 days earlier than the check variety Yanhongzaohua. The flower was pink and of high ornamental value. Subsequently, peach was used as the rootstock for grafting and propagation. In 2016, after the flowering of grafted seedlings, the phenotype features and phenological phase were observed and recorded. Through comparison, it was found that its traits were stable and consistent with the performance of the mother plant. After regional adaptability testing over five years from 2016 to 2020, it was finally selected in 2023. The tree has a moderate posture with an open body and straight branches. The internodes are of long size, with an average length of 1.6 cm.The flowers usually grow on short branches, with an average of 42 flowers per branch. It is easy to form flowers, with moderate number of flower buds. The flower is plum blossom shaped, double petal, with an average diameter of 4.1 cm and an average number of 19 petals. The flower bud and the petals are all pink.There are 10 pieces reddish brown sepals. The average number of filaments is 49. The anthers are tangerine with pollen.The stamens are almost the same length as the petals.There is one pistil, which is almost the same length as the anthers.The leaves are green and lanceolate with flat surface. The peelings is green-white with medium fuzz. The fruit is large and round. The stone is oval shaped with moderate number of stone veins. In Xuchang of Henan Province, the initial flowering period was on March 5th, 12 days earlier than the check variety.The peak flowering period lasts from March 10th to 20th, and the final flowering period is on early March 23th. The flowering lasts for about 18 days. Yanfen No.4 is resistant to drought, cold and adversity. It is wide adaptability. It is suitable for planting in areas that meet the chilling requirement of 300-500 hours.Grafting methods is used for reproduction. Hard branch grafting can be used in early spring and bud grafting should be carried out before June 10th, using peach as the rootstock. It is suitable for planting with a rowing space 2 m × 3 m or 2 m ×3 m. In the early stage of pruning, the main focus is on cultivating tree shape, while in the later stage, the vigorous growth is controlled to promote flower bud differentiation. After rainfall or watering during the growing season, the soil should be plowed and loosened timely. The depth of tillage is 5 cm to 10 cm. Every autumn, combined with autumn, base fertilizer should be applied and the soil should be deeply plowed with a depth of 30 cm to 40 cm. Fertilizer should be applied once a year in May and July respectively.
PDF （）