Abstract: ‘Dingkui’is a new Chinese bayberry variety selected from a single variant found in the growing orchard of ‘Ding'ao’. After more than 20 years of observation and identification on the mother tree and offspring, it is believed that the characteristics of the variety are stable and consistent. When fully mature, the flesh column is round and blunt, the average fruit weight is 22.6 g, the fruit hardness is 2.89 N, the fruit shape index is 0.97, Solid soluble content is 10.8%, the titratable acid content is 10.57, the total sugar content is 73.3mg/g, the flavone content is 0.74mg/g, the polyphenol content is 1.77 mg/g, the amino acid content is 7.76 mg/100g, and the vitamin C content is 33.3 mg/100g. The tree is strong, round or semicircular in shape, and the trunk and branches are short. The leaves are lanceolate-inverted, dark green, 11.1 cm long and 2.7 cm wide, and have short petiole. The flower is pure pistil, the female flower inflorescence is cylindrical, 0.76 cm long and 0.31 cm thick, and the flower is “V”-shaped. The sprouting period of ‘Dingkui’ flower buds is in late February, the initial flowering period is in early March, the peak flowering period is in early March, and the final flowering period and young fruit period are in mid-March. The fruit ripening period is in early June, and the fruit development period is 55-60 days. The top flower buds of short fruit branches in spring and summer mainly bear fruit, with a natural fruit setting rate of about 15%, significantly lower than that of ‘Ding'ao’. The artificial thinning amount during fruit setting is small and easy to manage. Generally, it enters the peak production period 5-7 years after high grafting, with an average yield of 660 kg/666.7 m2. We used SNP molecular marker technology to conduct molecular identification on 18 Chinese bayberry samples collected in 2023. The clustering analysis results confirmed that ‘Dingkui’ did not have any homonyms with other varieties. 18 materials were divided into 2 groups, with ‘Dingkui’ located in Group I and showing differences from the other 17 materials. Among them, ‘Dingkui’ and ‘Ding'ao’ had the closest genetic relationship with a coefficient of 0.92, indicating that ‘Dingkui’ is a new germplasm. It is suitable for cultivation in the south of the Yangtze River and areas with similar climate, especially in southern Zhejiang. We suggest choosing gravelly red and yellow soil with deep soil, sufficient moisture, and pH between 4.5-6.5 for orchard planting, and adopting natural grass growth methods for orchard management. The recommended spacing for cultivation is 5m × 5m or 5m × 6m, with 20-30 plants planted per acre. For dwarfing and dense planting, a spacing of 4m × 4m can be used, with 42 plants planted per acre and planting holes of 0.8m × 0.8m × 0.6m. There is no special requirement for the configuration mode of male plants in the orchard, which is the same as that of ‘Ding'ao’. In production, some bare branches shall be pressed and hung, and thin and weak branches, overlapping branches, crossed branches and dead branches of diseases and pests shall be cut off. In the fruiting period, fertilizer is applied three times in spring, summer and autumn every year, about 1-2 kg of pure potassium sulfate is applied to each plant each time, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of adult trees is 1: 0.3: 4. Strengthen routine cultivation management, maintain reasonable ventilation and light transmission of tree crown, and pay attention to clearing the garden in winter. There are few diseases and insect pests.
PDF （）