Abstract: Long wuren No.1 is a disease-resistant, high-yield, high-quality walnut. The seeding were selected from the ‘Longnan wuren walnut’ group. It was initially selected in 2009 as a superior cultivar due to its grey brown seed coat color, high yield, thin shell, robust tree vigor, and strong disease resistance. It was subsequently propagated through grafting methods to establish clonal lines. In 2013, scions were collected and grafted onto the walnut genetic resources nursery in Longnan for observation and evaluation of the clones. By 2016, it had been identified as a superior strain. Subsequently tested over multiple years from 2017 to 2020 in Wudu, Chengxian and other plsces in Longnan City, it consistently demonstrated excellent overall performance with stable plant and biological characteristics. The variety exhibits distinct traits including high yield, disease resistance, and exceptional flavor. In December 2023, it was granted the Plant Variety Rights by the National Forestry and Grassland Administration and named as Long wuren No. 1. This species is a deciduous tree with medium body, semi-open tree posture, natural semi-circular crown. Mixed buds are round, male flower buds are bare buds, cylindrical. Odd pinnate compound leaves, compound leaves are 54.6 cm long, compound petiole is 12.38 cm long, the number of leaflets is 5-9; leaflets are long oval, 18.39 cm long, 20.32 cm wide, 0.3 mm thick; leaf surface dark green, leaf tip slightly pointed, entire. The fruit is spherical and yellow-green in color, with sparse spots and a smooth surface. The fruit shape is round, the weight of fruit is 13.4 g, the weight of nucleolus is 6.8 g, the shell thickness is 1.35 mm, and the kernel yield is 50.8%. The fruit shell is smooth, the longitudinal diameter is 36.4 mm, the transverse diameter is 34.1 mm, and the side diameter is 34.3 mm. The suture is flat and tightly union. The kernel is full, grey brown, oily flavor, no astringency. The content of fat 65.8%, the content of unsaturated fatty acid 91.04%, the content of protein 20.6%. Quality is excellent. The tree germinates in middle March , the male flowers in full bloom in late March, the female flowers in full bloom in early April, the fruits mature in early September, and the leaves in late November In Wudu, Gansu Province.'Long wuren No. 1 'showed resistance to Xanthomonas arboricola and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. It can be planted productively in Longnan, Gansu Province. The average yield in the fourth and fifth years after grafting is 1531.2 kg/hm2 and 2468.4 kg/hm2 respectively. Longwuren No. 1 does not necessitate high cultivation site conditions and can thrive in plain land, hilly terrain, and terrace weir areas. The soil layer should ideally be over 1 meter thick, with a pH value ranging from 6.5 to 8.0, and a groundwater level of at least 1.5 meters. Optimal growth results are achieved in deep and fertile soil conditions. Plant row spacing in plain land is generally (7-8) m × (7-8) m, and the planting density in hilly areas is (5-6) m × (6-7) m. Cave-like soil preparation is often used, and the size of the planting hole is (0.8-1.0) m × (0.8-1.0) m × (0.8-1.0) m.
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