Abstract: Songyuan No. 1 was a late-ripening peach cultivar from the seeding of Qingzhoumitao. Qingzhoumitao is a well-known native breed in Weifang, as well as one of the six famous peaches in China. In 2011, during the investigation of Qingzhoumitao germplasm resources, an early maturing individual plant was discovered by research group in the Shengshi Fruit and Vegetable Professional Cooperative Qingzhoumitao base. The Variation single plant produces comparatively big and nearly all red fruit that ripens in mid-to-late August, approximately a month before the Qingzhoumitao. Through high grafting identification experiments, variety comparison experiments, and regional cultivation experiments，the single plant has good fruit quality and stable genetic traits. It was authorized by the the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs as a new plant variety in September 2023, and was named Songyuan No. 1, with variety rights number CNA20201005934. The fruit shape of Songyuan No. 1 is ovate shape, with a slightly convex fruit top. The suture line of the fruit is medium, and the two halves are relatively symmetrical. The average fruit weight is 138 g, and maximum fruit weight is 264 g. The fruits are difficult to peel, and the density of pubescent is medium. The backgroud color of fruit is light green, and more than 80% is covered by the deep red. The flesh is light green with intermediate red pigment, hard-melting, and the tirmness is 8.5 kg·cm-2. The soluble solids content is 14.1%, the soluble sugar content is 10.04%, and the titratable acid content is 0.23%. The flavor of flesh is crispy and sweet. The core is freestone. The cultivar offers exceptional fruit quality and great storage characteristics, and the flavor remains unchanged for 10 days at room temperature or a month in cold air storage. In weifang, Shandong province, the flowering period of Songyuan No. 1 is in early April and lasting for about one week. The fruit ripening date begins in mid-to-late August, and the fruit development period is about 130 d. The germination period of trees is in mid-March, the deciduous period is in late November, and whole growth period is 260 days approximately. Compared with Qingzhoumitao, it’s fruit mature period is about a month earlier and the fruit size is larger. The tree vigor is srong and opening more branches. The leaves are medium in size, lanceolate, deep green color, with two to four kidney-shaped nectar gland, and the petioles are middle length and thick. The flowers are rose-shape with pollen, pale pink color, and stamens higher than pistils. The variety has high self-fruitful ability, excellent early fertility, and good flower-forming capacity. The trees began to bear in the 2nd year after planting, and the 4th year had the high production. In mountain areas, it is recommended to three main branches open centeralized shape, and planting spacing between trees in a row is 3 m x 4 m. In plain areas, it is suitable for Y shape pruning with the spacing of 2 m × 5 m. After many years of cultivation and observation, the breed has capacity of cold resistance and drought resistance, and has no special diseases and insects or pests. It is suitable for promotion and planting in northern peach producing areas such as Shandong and Hebei.
PDF （）