An early ripening and yellow flesh peach variety ‘Huangjinmitao 1’

Abstract:‘Huangjinmitao 1’is a new early ripening variety with yellow flesh, selected from the cross- ing between‘92-3-32’as the seed parent and‘Zhongyoutao 4’as the pollen parent. The hybrid cross was made in 1999 and twenty-six seedlings were planted in the orchard with tree spacing four meters between rows and one meter between trees. In 2003, the fruit tree began to fruit. Of all the individuals,‘99-29-41’showed distinguished from the other progenies. In 2005, the‘99-29-41’was chosen as a new selection. In 2009, it was grafted on the rootstocks and test in different place of Henan province. In December of 2018,‘99-29-41’was selected when growing in the breeding orchard, then named as‘Huangjinmitao 1’and was approved by the Approval Committee for Improved Varieties of Forest Tree of Henan Province. Leaf glands are reniform, with about 2 to 3 ones. Average length of the leaf is 18.3 cm and the width is 4.15 cm with 0.9 to 1.2 cm of leaf petiole. In Zhengzhou area, it began to sprout at the end of February and blossomed in late March. The blossom has small, showy pink petals and self-fertile. The initial flowering date is from 17th to 34th of march and lasts 3 to 5 days in Zheng- zhou. After fruiting, the fruit tree showed a medium growth vigor, a relatively open posture and were ex- tremely productive. The ripe date is in mid-June and fruit skin is with hair and full of a light red with 100% blush. The fruit is clingstone and the shape is round with round fruit top. The suture is shallow, extending from base to apex and the base is flat. The fruit has very good eating and appearance quality due to its yellow flesh, melting, juiciness, sweet and medium acidic flavor. Red anthocyanin staining of pit cavities was also found near the stone. The maximum of the fruit weight is up to 200 grams, with an average fruit weight of 182 grams. The soluble solid content (SSC) is varied from 11.4% to 12.8%. The total sugar is 10.4% and total acid is 0.27%. The overall fruit is with good quality. The fruit ripening date is in the first and middle of June, the fruit development period is about 80 days. The leaves begin to fall in early November, and the growth period of the whole year is about 230 days. In the second  years, the tree begins to fruit and in the third year the yield can reach up to 900 kg per 666.7 m2. In the full productive stage, the yield can reach up to 2 500 to 3 000 kg per 666.7 m2. But in the commercial production, the grower should thin the fruit less than to the levels of 1500 kg per 666.7 m2 to keep the eating and commercial quality. After cultivation test, this variety is suitable and can be widely cultivated in the greenhouse or the open field in henan province and surrounding provinces.