Breeding report of a new middle-early ripening pear cultivar Jinguang

Abstract: Jinguang is a new middle- early ripening cultivar selected from the seedlings of Huangjin pear in 2010. After regional adaptability testing at three sites including Shijiazhuang, Xingtai, and Han-dan in Hebei province from 2013 to 2020, Jinguang obtained the variety patent in July 2020. The SSR molecular marker analysis showed that its female parent should be Huangjin, the male parent should be Huangguan. Huangjin is precocious and productive with high resistance to cold and sca. The tree has moderate vigor with semicircular crown and semi-upright gesture. The fruit is oblate in shape, yellow green in color. Fruit cores are medium to large, the pulps are white, juicy and crispy, not easy to become browning. The average fruit weight is 320.6 g, the maximum single fruit is 605.3 g, the fruit length and diameter are 7.23 cm and 8.22 cm, and the fruit shape index is 0.88. The soluble solid content is 12.5%, the titratable acid content 0.10%, and the vitamin C 1.03 mg·100 g-1. The hardness of flesh is 5.8 kg·cm^-2. The juice yield of the fruit is 85.48%, the color of the juice is yellowish white, sweet. The dry rate of flesh is 12.27%. The fruit development period is about 122 days and it matures at the early August in Shijiazhuang. The average fruit set per inflorescence is 3.63 under the condition of natural pollination.The semi lethal temperature of annual dormant branches is -28.97 ℃, the young fruit can en-dure -4.4 ℃ for 3.5 hours. It is resistant to scab but susceptible to dry rot. The fruits can be stored at room temperature for about 14 days, stored at (0±1) ℃ and relative humidity of 90%-95% for more than 180 days. It is suitable for cultivation in Shijiazhuang, Xingtai, Handan and other areas with similar ecological conditions in Hebei province. The tree is suitable for dense planting and has medium  branching ability. The density of planting is 2 m×（3-4）m. Huangguan, Yali and Xueqing pear are the most suitable pollination trees for it, and the configuration of pollinizer is (4-5)∶1.