Contact Us

Tel:0371-63387308
      0371-65330928
E-mail:guoshuxuebao@caas.cn

Home-Journal Online-2022 No.3

Fruit quality analysis and comprehensive evaluation of 35 mulberry accessions

Online:2022/12/6 10:26:45 Browsing times:
Author: LI Xunlan, WEI Zhaoxin, PENG Fangfang, LUO Youjin, HAN Guohui
Keywords: Mulberry (Morus L.); Fruit quality; Core index; Comprehensive evaluation
DOI: 10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20210327
Received date:
Accepted date:
Online date:
PDF Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】The evaluation of fruit quality traits is the most important part of phenotypic identification of mulberry germplasm resources, and it is also an important basis for screening excellent germplasm materials. How to scientifically evaluate the fruit quality of mulberry is still one of the prob-lems that need to be solved in the research of efficient utilization of mulberry germplasm resources. The aim of this study was to establish reasonable comprehensive evaluation methods for screening geno-types with excellent fruit quality.【Methods】A total of 16 quality indicators including the fruit weight,vertical and horizontal lengths, fruit shape index, color values (L*, a*, b*, c*), soluble solids, titratable ac-id, solid-acid ratio, vitamin C (Vc), and the contents of anthocyanins, total flavonoids, total phenols and total sugars were obtained from 35 mulberry accessions. One-way analysis of variance and Parson corre-lation coefficient were used to analyze the significance and correlations among the measurement re-sults. Principal component analysis, correlation analysis and coefficient of variation (CV) were applied to screen out the core evaluation indicators. The analytic hierarchy process was applied to assign weights of core indicators. Thirteen quality indicators were chosen to evaluate the fruit quality of the 35 fruit mulberry accessions by the factor analysis, and the core evaluation indexes were chosen to compre-hensively evaluate the fruit quality via grey relational analysis.【Results】There were significant differ-ences in fruit quality among accessions. The single fruit weight of A5 was the highest, which was 3.63 g.The content of soluble solids in fruits of A4, B1, Yichuanhong, and Changguo No. 1 were the highest,ranging from 15.6% to 17.7%. The content of total sugar in fruit of B1 was 24.64 mg·g-1, which was sig-nificantly higher than the other accessions. The contents of anthocyanins, total phenols and total flavo-noids in fruits of A3 and A4, were much higher than the other accessions. The result of correlation anal-ysis showed that there were extremely significant correlations among flavor indexes, functional indexes, morphological indexes, and color indexes, and these highly relevant indicators could be selected to simplify the evaluation index system. By principal component analysis, the 16 evaluation indicators were reduced into 5 factors, which represented the functional components, flavor, fruit size, Vc and color of the fruit. Based on the coefficient of variation, principal component analysis and correlation analysis results, 6 core evaluation indicators were chosen from the 5 factors, which respectively were single fruit weight, color L*, soluble solids, total acid, Vc and anthocyanins. By the analytic hierarchy process,the weights of single fruit weight, color L*, soluble solids, total acid, Vc and anthocyanins were finally determined to be 0.02, 0.08, 0.38, 0.19, 0.28 and 0.06, respectively. It was obviously unreasonable to di-rectly use all the indicators for comprehensive evaluation. Therefore, the fruit shape index that had little correlation with the commercial nature and the color index b* and c* with little correlation with the color of the mulberry fruit were eliminated, and the remaining 13 were selected as the index system for com-prehensive evaluation via factor analysis. Based on the factor analysis, A1, A3, A4, A5, and B1 got the highest scores, which meant that the fruit quality of A1, A3, A4, A5, and B1 were the best in the 35 mul-berry materials. Six core evaluation indicators were used for the indicator system, and the weights deter-mined by the analytic hierarchy process were applied in grey relational analysis, results of which showed that the A3, A4, A5, B1 and Yunguo No. 2 were highly correlated with the reference value, indi-cating that the fruit quality of A3, A4, A5, B1 and Yunguo No. 2 were the best in the 35 mulberry materi-als. The above results indicated that both evaluation methods could screen out germplasm materials with excellent fruit quality, and A3, A4, A5 and B1 had the highest comprehensive fruit quality.【Conclusion】The comprehensive analysis of the fruit quality of 35 mulberry materials showed that acces-sions A3, A4, A5 and B1 are high-quality mulberry resources, which can be used for breeding cultivars with higher sweetness and higher contents of functional components or larger fruit size. Single fruit weight, color L*, soluble solids, total acid, Vc and anthocyanins can be used as the core indicators for fruit mulberry quality evaluation. The comprehensive evaluation methods based on factor analysis and grey correlation analysis can be used to screen good mulberry materials.