'Jian Feng',a new walnut variety with cold resistance, early fruit and high yield

Abstract: 'Jian Feng'is one walnut variety selected from the seeding population of Xin Jiang walnut(Juglans regia L.). Cultivation characteristics are with cold tolerance, early fruit and high yield. The trees vigor is overgrown and opening more branches. The bark of mature tree is hoar and have shallow fissure. One years old branch is gray green, terminal bud is prismatic or conical. Leaves are bigger,oval, dark green, leaf edge is smooth. The nut is oblate, the shell surface is smooth; the size was medium fruit; the nut average of three-diameter is 3.97 cm; the average weight of per nut was 15.07 g, and the shell thickness was 1.1 mm; nut inner fold wall degenerated, and the diaphragm membranous;whole kernel are easy to take out. The economic characteristics involve in kernel percent of nut is54.8%, fat content of seed is 68.4%, protein content in kernel is16.8%. Kernels are plump, color of inner skin is yellowish-white, and the taste of seed is sweet and spiciness. This variety has like these cultivated and biology characteristics. Fruit growth period was 113 d. In Jian Chuan county of Yunnan province, the fruit ripened in mid-late September. Germination rate of bud on branch was 45.4%, the ratio of branch was 3.1. Fruit branch rate of mature trees was 90.7%, percent of fruiting was 82.5%. Fruiting rate of side bud was 64.3%. The average fruit set are 2.4 on per branch. It produce 1.01 kg · m-2 fresh fruit at per projection area of tree crown. High grafting tree of 7 years old trees in 666.7 m2 produce dry fruit 231.0 kg. This variety is suitable for extensive cultivation in the 1 800-2 600 m elevation of northwest and northeast in Yunnan province.