Breeding of new Chinese jujube cultivar ‘Huizao new No.1'

Abstract:Zizyphus jujuba Mill.‘Huizao new No.1'is a variant plant of Zizyphus jujuba Mill.‘Huizao'was found by Henan Academy of Forestry and Henan Forestry Vocational College during the investigation in Xinzheng jujube district. In 2004, 2006 and 2007, the grafting experiments were carried out in Xinzheng, Puyang and Ruoqiang county of Xinjiang respectively. In the past years, the results and fruit quality of the variation plants and grafted trees were tracked and analyzed. The results from the experiment observation for many years, the tree grafting cultivation shows character and fruit quality is the same results to the variation of plant. In Xinzheng jujube region, ‘Huizao new No. 1'bud at the beginning of April, early flowering stage is the later of May, Full-blooming stage is the beginning of June, crisp ripening stage is the beginning of September, the mature stage is the late September, the fruit growth period is 98-110 d. The phenological period in Puyang jujube region is same to in Xinzheng. In Ruoqiang county, Xinjiang, sprout in late April, early flowering stage is the beginning of June, Fullblooming stage is the mid June, Crisp ripening stage is the mid September, mature is in early October, the fruit growth period is 98-115 d. 2-3 a jujube stock of this new variety present strong fruit-bearing capacity and high fruit setting rate, and the average ratio of dropping shoot to fruit is 1∶1.34, which is4.6 times the control average ratio of dropping shoot to fruit, The average physiological drop rate is6.12%, only 26.56% of the control, in September, Jujube fruit shrink disease fruit rate was 4.63%, only 41.19% of the control, crisp ripe stage cracking rate is 5.59%, only 34.23% of control. Girdling is not essential to increase the fruit setting rate, and this new variety does not depend on the growth hormone badly. The fruit is long obovate with smooth surface, the peel is orange-red, the average fruit weight is 11.72 g, the maximum fruit weight is 22.80 g, high fruit uniformity, and the commodity is higher than the control Zizyphus jujuba Mill.‘Huizao new No.1'tree vigor medium to strong, branching capacity medium, the average ground diameter of 5 a jujube trees is 9.9 cm, high is 2.5 m, crown breadth is 2.5 m, average individual yield is 9.96 kg, Production of 16 440 kg per hectare. With strong adaptability, drought resistance, barren tolerance, cold tolerance and the resistance to jujube fruit shrink disease and fruit cracking, this new variety appears no trunk cold damage in Xinjiang area, which is a fine variety of Zizyphus jujuba Mill.‘Huizao new No.1' with a very good prospect for generalization, suited to be cultivated in‘Huizao'planting area along and the north of Yellow River.