Breeding report of a new early ripening sand pear cultivar 'Jinyu'

Abstract：Pyrus pyrifolia'Jinyu'is a new early-maturing sand pear with excellent appearance.The seeding was derived from open-pollination of'Annong 1'in 2005 at experimental field.It was initially selected in 2012 for its excellent appearance and early ripening time.After regional adaptability testing at four sites, it was finally selected in 2016.This new cultivar is vigorous and semi-spreading growth habit.Annual branches are yellow-brown in color.Leaves are ovate, acuminate, 11.05 cm long, 7.01 cm wide, sharply serrated.Color of unopened flower is white, and anthers are red.The fruit shape is mainly round, has green peel and smooth surface without russet.Its flesh is white, crisp, rich juice, fine texture without aroma.The average fruit weight is 335 g, maximum fruit weight is 450 g, and fruit shape index is 0.96.The content of total soluble solids is 11.3%-13.8%, the content of total acid is 0.11%, hardness5.2 kg· cm^-2 and vitamin C 0.015 mg· g^-1.Quality is excellent.The fruit development period is 125 d and it matures at the early August in Wuhan area.The number of flower per inflorescence is from six to nine.The fruit mainly bore on the short fruit branches.Capability of continuously fruiting is strong.This cultivar has high yield potential.It is resistant to drought and pear black spot.The fruits can be stored about 20 days in room temperature.Suitable cultivation area is Hubei province and similar areas in the Yangtze River basin.Suitable pollinizer cultivars included'Wonhwang''Hosui'and'Jinjing'.