Investigation on main diseases, pests, grass and its control of Pyrus in Hubei

Abstract：Hubei province is an important area of pear produce in China, and the amount of pesticides for production is increasing trend year by year.The investigation shows that main pests, diseases and weeds of Pyrus in Hubei Province, by the National Key Research and Development Program's support that“Integrated Research and Demonstration of Fertilizer and Pesticide Reduction and Synergism Technology for Pear Trees in the Yangtze River Valley”.In this paper, we focused on fungal diseases such as pear rust, pear ring rot and pear black spot.Meanwhile, we also introduced some pests of pear that damaged shoots, flushes and branches etc.such as Dasyneura pyri, Pear psylla, the oriental fruit moth and so on.The article also revealed that the epidemic trend of the main diseases and pests in Hubei province, the pear anthracnose and Phyllactinia pyri was increased year by year.However, in recent years, the pear branch and trunk diseases were serious in part of pear garden by reason of management issue.Meanwhile, because of the temperature and soil problems, physiological diseases were also serious such as pear sunscald and nutrient deficiency symptom.With pear trees has large of planting and the management mode individuals, created the favorable conditions for the pests' occurrence and spread, this is the reason of the oriental fruit moth, birds trouble and wasp outburst.With the increasing aggravation of diseases, insect pests and grass disaster, the pesticides were used more frequently.The more pesticides use frequently, the application pesticide tools were backward, as a result, the utilization rate of pesticides was lower, which not only increases the cost of prevention and control, but also the environmental was pollution such as atmosphere and soil, even threatens people's dietary health.On this basis, this article puts forward some integrated control measures from the aspects of agricultural control, physical control, biological control and chemical control, which provides theoretical basis for reducing pesticide application and increasing pesticide efficiency in the production of Pyrus in Hubei Province.