Breeding of a new pear cultivar 'Xinli No.10'

Abstract: 'Xinli No.10’ is a new pear cultivar, which was bred by crossing‘Korla fragrant pear’as the female parent and‘Yali’as the male parent.It was initially selected in 1989 for its regular shape, smooth skin, fruit crisp and high yield charateristics.After regional adaptability testing at three sites (including Korla area, Tarim area and Yanqi area) over six years from 2009 to 2014, it was finally selected in 2014.We applied for the registration as a new cultivar in September 2014 and got identification certificate from Trees Variety Approval Committee of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in November 2014 and named‘Xinli No.10’.The canopy was conical under natural conditions, the tree's growth potential was flourishing, the tree position was open.Leaves are ovoid with average 10.63 cm length and 8.09 cm width, petiole was 3.1 cm in length.Leaf color was dark green.Flowers are pale pink, the realitive position of petals was overlap.The petal shape was oval with more pollen.The average setting rate of single flower is 25%and the inflorescene forming fruit rate was 68.4%under the condition of natural pollination.The fruit was orbicular-ovate and regular, shed calyx.The average fruit weight was 174.8 g.The ground color of fruit skin was light green and with bright red stripe or red halo on the fruit surface.The fruit skin was smooth and shining.Its flesh was creamy white, fine and crisp.It was juicy, sour-sweet flavor and tastes delicious with little stone cell.The fruit quality was excellent.The content of soluble solid, soluble sugar, titratable acid and vitamin C was 12.5%, 8.5%, 0.17%and 39.2 mg·kg-1fresh mass.The sarcocarp hardness was7.42 kg·cm-2.The vigor of growth of‘Xinli No.10’was middle, germinating capability was high, branch development capability and the production was higher.The fruit development period was about 140 to 150days, and the fruit was ripening in early or middle of September in Korla, China.Its shelf life can reach 25days, and it can be stored in cold storage conditions for 5 to 6 months.It has the characters of early fruiting and high yield, it begins flowering 2 years after planting and the productivity per 666.7 m2was 2 700kg at 6 years after planting, and it has better adaptability and resistant to cold.It was a good cultivar and suitable for planting inside the south of Xinjiang and other cool and cold regions.The orchard should with flat ground, neutral or sub saline-alkaline soil and high moisture and fertilizer retention.The planting space in the rows and plants are 4-5 m×3-4 m.The pollination cultivars are better with‘Kuerle Xiangli’, ‘Yali’, ‘Dangshansuli’, etc.The suitable tree shape was evacuation and thin-long spindle.As the young trees grow vigorously, the erected branches should be pulled down.The pruning technology should be less cut back, leaving long branches, and with other pinching, bending or back spune methods to control the tree size and growth vigorous.‘Xinli No.10’has high rate of fruit setting under natural conditions, fruit thinning should be carried out within three weeks after fallen petal with a standard of leaving at intervals of 15-20 cm and fruit has good shape and bright color without any diseases and pests and mechanical injuries.Ratio of leaf-fruit should be controlled for 15-20∶1 or ratio of branch-fruit should be controlled 1:1.The fertilizer should be provided properly according to the period of growth and development and the tree age, and the water should be provided properly according to the soil moisture, both drip irrigation and flood irrigation are available.Euzophera pyriella Yang, Grapholitha molesta, Cydia pomonella and Valsa canker should be regard as the most important pests and diseases to prevention and control by scientific using physical and chemical technology according to their occurrence rule.