A new early ripening peach cultivar ‘Longmi 12'

Abstract: ‘Longmi 12'is an early ripening peach cultivar bred by artificial pollination. Its pedigree is‘Longmi 9'בZaoxialu', made in 2001. It was initially selected in 2005 for its coloring optimal fruit,good quality and early ripening characristics. Fifteen hybrid seedlings were obtained by embryo rescuemethod. One individuality‘01-9-4'was selected as a new strain in 2009. After regional adaptability test-ing at five sites(including Gaolan area, Anning area, Qinan area, Qinzhou area and Huixian area, all thoseplaces are the main peach producing areas in Gansu Province) over five years from 2010 to 2015, it was fi-nally selected in 2015. We applied for the registration as a new cultivar in December 2015 and got identi-fication certificate from Crop Variety Approval Committee of Gansu province in 2015. The tree's growthpotential was flourishing, the tree position was open. Leaf was blade shape for long elliptic lanceolate,16.2-18.5 cm in length and 4.3-4.9 cm in width, leaf color was dark green, petiole was 0.8-1.1 cm inlength, with 2-4 reniform leaf gland. Flower bud was initiated from 2-4 section. The flowers were rosetype, pink, which has pollen, pistil and stamen contour or the pistil slightly higher. The fruit is round withflat top, shallow sutures and symmetrical halves. Background color of the fruit skin was green or white,with bright red stripe or red halo on the fruit surface. The average fruit weight was 126 grams, and the larg-est fruit weight observed was 186 grams.‘Longmi 12'fruit pulp color was white, dense succulent, hardmelting, few fiber, strong sweet, soluble solids content was 13.0%. Fresh fruit had 88.5% water content,soluble sugar content was 8.44 g·100 g^-1, organic acid content was 0.16 mg·100 g^-1, vitamin C contentwas 4.5 mg·100 g^-1. The kernel was ellipse, cling stone.‘Longmi 12'peach tree cultivated in LanzhouAnning area, generally, flower buds began to sprout by the end of March to early April, flowering in mid-April, fruit ripening around June 25, fruit growth period was 70 d, the leaves began to fall in early Novem-ber, the growth period was about 210 d. ‘Longmi 12'had a strong adaptability and resistance for cultiva-tion environment. Suitable cultivation area included in the central and eastern regions of Gansu Lanzhou,Tianshui, Longnan and other places as well as areas with similar ecological conditions of cultivation, alsosuitalbe for promoting early planting in greenhouse. To establish new orchards, high-quality seedlingswith Prunus davidiana as root stock should be used, and three branches open center shape or‘Y'shape,combinated with 3 m × 4 m or 2 m × 4 m tree and row density, would be better for this cultivar.‘Longmi12'is a high-productivity cultivar, fertilizer and water demanding is higher, should be watered properlyaccording to soil moisture.‘Longmi 12'has high rate of fruit setting in natural conditions, fruit thinningshould be carried out in early may, productivity should be controled under 2 300 kg per 666.7 m2. Aphids,Grapholitha molesta and anthracnose should be regarded as the most important pests and diseases, re-spect to the integrity pest and deiseases management. Five Be0lime-sulfur synthetic solution should bespraied in whole orchard before and after flowering,‘physical + biological + chemical'method should beused to control aphids and Grapholitha molesta, etc. 80% thiram 800 times or 70% Thiophanate-Methylwettable powder 1000 times solution could be used to control Anthrax pathogenesis and other diseases.